Block Diagram Of Cobalt 60

Cobalt 60 60co and caesium 137 137 cs are the most widely used sources of gamma radiation.

Block diagram of cobalt 60. It is produced artificially in nuclear reactors deliberate industrial production depends on neutron activation of bulk samples of the monoisotopic and mononuclidic cobalt isotope 59 co. Figure 1 shows the block diagram of the mini phantom experimental setup with different types of mini phantoms. 1 0 to 2 0 cm the distance between the source and the bottom of the field definer and the distance between the field definer and the patient. It is clear that for cobalt 60 the penumbra widths increase with source diameter e g.

Beneficial uses of cobalt 60 in the mid 1950s the increasing demand for sterile single use medical devices led to a rapid expansion in the use of gamma irradiation to sterilize products as the technology provided a very effective means of ensuring sterility. The nickel 60 daughter nuclide is formed at an excited energy state and loses this energy immediately with the emission of two gamma rays of energies 1 17 and 1 33 mev settling at a stable nuclear state. Cobalt 60 decays with a half life of 5 3 years to the element nickel 60 by the emission of a 0 32 mev beta particle. Cobalt 60 60 co is a synthetic radioactive isotope of cobalt with a half life of 5 2713 years.

The minimum field size of co 60 machine is 5 5 cm 2 so that the small size mini phantom will be irradiated fully leading to measure a correct head scatter. Measurable quantities are also produced as a by product of typical nuclear power plant operation and may be. 60 co produces gamma rays with energies of 1 173 and 1 332 mev and has a half life of 5 27 years whereas 137 cs produces gamma rays with an energy of 0 662 mev and has a longer half life of 30 1 years.